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Famous Polish |
| Please also visit page Polish-origin Nobel Prize Laureates | ||
| Ajdukiewicz Kazimierz | 1890 1963 | Logician, philosopher - the creator of, so called, fundamental conventionalism and semantic language theory |
| Arctowski Henryk | 1871 1958 | Globetrotter, geophysicist, geographer - expert in polar regions |
| Banach Stefan | 1892 1945 | Mathematician - he founded modern functional analysis and made major contributions to the theory of topological vector spaces; he contributed to measure theory, integration, and orthogonal series; co-author of Banach's algebra, Banach's space |
| Banachiewicz Tadeusz | 1882 1954 | Astronomer, geodesist, mathematician - creator of cracovian theory, he developed and applied chronokinematographic method for observation of Sun eclipse |
| Bryla Stefan | 1886 1943 | Construction engineer, welding pioneer - the designer of, among others, the first in Europe welded road bridge on the Sludwia River (1927) and high rise building Prudential in Warszawa (1932) |
| Cebertowicz Romuald Adam | 1897 1981 | Hydrotechnician - the creator of electro-injection method of soil solidification |
| Cieszkowski August | 1814 1894 | Philosopher, economist - the creator of, so called, philosophy of action |
| Czekanowska-Kuklinska Anna, daughter of Jan | 1929 | Musicologist, ethnographer - she applied statistical-mathematical methods for analysis of folk music |
| Czekanowski Aleksander | 1833 1876 | Geologist, geographer - explorer of north-eastern regions of Asia |
| Czekanowski Jan | 1882 1965 | Anthropologist, ethnologist - he applied mathematical statistics in anthropological research, ethnographic research in Central Africa |
| Czerski Jan | 1845 1892 | Geologist, geographer - explorer of Siberia, especially Lake Baikal; creator of geological map of Lake Baikal |
| Czochralski Jan | 1885 1953 | Metalurgist, metal researcher - creator of the pulling crystal method, he studied the velocity of metal crystalization |
| Danysz Jan Kazimierz | 1884 1914 | Physicist - assistant of M.Curie-Sklodowska, creator of the first spectrometer beta |
| Danysz Marian | 1909 | Physicist - co-discoverer of hypernuclei and hypernuclear isomery |
| Dega Wiktor | 1896 1995 | Orthopeadic surgeon - a pioneer of medical rehabilitation for motion organ |
| Dietl Jozef | 1804 1878 | Physician - pioneer of balneology |
| Dobrowolski Antoni Boleslaw | 1872 1954 | Geophysist, polar regions explorer, educationist - the organiser of Polish meteorology survey, ice expert |
| Domeyko Ignacy | 1802 1889 | Mineralogist, geologist, member of a secret student society at Vilno University - he created scientific foundations for exploitation of natural resources in Chile and established a network of meteorological stations |
| Doroszewski Witold Jan | 1899 1976 | Linguist - specialist in Polish philology, word-formation, dialectology and semantics, editor of Polish Language Dictionary (11 volumes) |
| Drzewiecki Stefan | 1844 1938 | Scientist and inventor, mainly in aviation and ship building - he developed theory of gliding flight, developed a method for manufacture of ship and plane propellers (1892), presented a general theory for screw-propeller thurst (1920) |
| Dybowski Benedykt | 1833 1930 | Zoologist - explorer of East Siberia (1865-79), he discovered many species of endemic fauna in Lake Baikal, co-founder of limnology |
| Dybowski Jan | 1856 1928 | Globetrotter - explorer of Africa, especially Equatorial Africa |
| Dylik Jan | 1905 1973 | Geographer, geomorphologist - explore of Spitsbergen, expert in permafrost geomorphology |
| Estreicher Alojzy Rafal | 1786 1852 | Botanist, entomologist - he made the Botanical Graden in Cracow flourish |
| Estreicher Karol Sr., son of Alojzy Rafal | 1827 1908 | Librarian, bibliographer, historian of literature and theater - the creator of Polish Bibliography - a register of the whole Polish literature (from XV to XIX century) |
| Estreicher Karol Jr. son of Stanislaw | 1906 | Historian of art, bibliographer - finished Polish Bibliography |
| Estreicher Stanislaw son of Karol Sr. | 1869 1939 | Historian of law, bibliographer - continuator of Polish Bibliography |
| Estreicher Tadeusz son of Karol Sr. | 1871 1952 | Chemist, historian of chemistry - expert in low temperatures |
| Falski Marian | 1881 1974 | Educationist - the author of the famous elementary book Nauka pisania i czytania (Learning to write and read) |
| Funk Kazimierz | 1884 1967 | Biochemist - he intorduced name vitamin, the creator of the vitamin science, he isolated the first vitamin |
| Gloger Zygmunt | 1845 1910 | Ethnographer, archeologist, historian - the author of Old-Polish Encyclopedia (4 volumes) |
| Godlewski Aleksander | 1905 1975 | Ethnographer - expert in ethnogenesis of nations of Oceania and Australia |
| Godlewski Emil Sr. | 1847 1930 | Physiologist of plants - expert in photosynthesis, respiratory and water movement in plants |
| Godlewski Emil Jr. | 1875 1944 | Embryologist, physician - expert in regeneration and physiology of conception, showed the significance of cytoplasm in hereditary processes |
| Goetel Walery | 1889 1972 | Geologist - expert in the Tatra Mountains, co-originator of Tatra, Pieniny and Babia Gora National Parks |
| Gruca Adam | 1893 | Orthopeadic surgeon - he developed new surgery methods as well as orthopeadic tools and apparatus |
| Grzybowski Jozef | 1869 1922 | Geologist, paleaonthologist - the first on the world who applied micropaleaonthological methods in investigation of stratigraphy of oil-bearing series |
| Gzowski Kazimierz | 1813 1898 | Construction engineer - he organized a company that build Grand Trunk Railway from Toronto to Sarnia 1853-57, and an international bridge across the Niagara River at Fort Erie in 1873; founder of Canadian Society of Civil Engineers in 1887 |
| Hermaszewski Miroslaw | 1941 | Pilot - the first Polish astronaut (1978) |
| Heweliusz Jan | 1611 1687 | Astronomer - the creator of Astronomical Observatory in Gdansk (1640), he constructed the biggest telescope in XVII century (lenght 50 m), elaborated maps of the Moon, discovered changes in magnetic declination |
| Hirszfeld Ludwik | 1884 1954 | Doctor of serology, immunologist - co-author of hematology, started seroanthropology, commenced research into pathology of pregnancy (in Poland), discovered bacillus of paratyphoid fever C |
| Hirszfeld Ludwik Maurycy | 1816 1876 | Physician, anatomist - author of well-known academic book on anatomy of nervous system (in French) |
| Huber Maksymilian Tytus | 1872 1950 | Mechanical engineer - developed hypothesis of endurance materials fundamental to strength of materials, so called Huber hypothesis |
| Infeld Leopold | 1898 1968 | Theoretical physisist - co-worker with Albert Einstein, specialist in the field of theory of relativity |
| Ingarden Roman | 1852 1927 | Hydrotechnician - he designed and built water services in Cracow, developed a general plan of the flood-control of the Vistula River |
| Ingarden Roman | 1893 1970 | Philosopher, aesthetician - one of the main representatives of Polish phenomenology, created own theory of literature and fundamentals of descriptive aesthetics |
| Jablonski Aleksander | 1898 1980 | Physisist - one of the pioneers of molecular photophysics, created the concept of the "luminescent centre" and own theories of quantum-mechanical pressure broadening and concentrational quenching and depolarization of photoluminescence |
| Jahn Alfred | 1915 1999 | Geographer, globetrotter - explorer of Greenland, Spitsbergen, Alasca, Siberia and northern Canada, expert in permafrost |
| Kaliski Sylwester | 1925 1978 | Engineer, specialist in the field of applied physics - he developed theory of continuous amplification of ultra and hiper-sounds in semiconductive crystals, obtained plasma temperature of tens of millions of degrees Kelvin using laser impulse |
| Kaminski Marek | 1964 | Explorer - the first man who reached the both Poles in one year (1995) on foot and unsupported |
| Klimaszewski Mieczyslaw | 1908 1995 | Geographer, geomorphologist - he elaborated methods of geomorphological and hydrographical mapping, expert in geomorphology of the Tatra Moutains |
| Kochanski Adam Adamandy | 1631 1700 | ê³êóroyal librarian and mathematicians to Jan III Sobieski, along with John Hevelius, astronomer of Gdansk, he constructed a unique, wall, vertical, 3 clock faces sundial at Wilanow Palace in 1681-82, ê³êóhe published an approximation method to finding the length of a circumference of a circle (1685) |
| Kolberg Oskar | 1814 1890 | Folklorist, ethnographer, musician, composer - author of a monumental work: Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposob zycia, mowa, podania, przyslowia, obrzedy, gusla, zabawy, piesni, muzyka i tance (Nation. Its customs, way of life, spoken language, traditions, proverbs, ceremonies, witchcraft, rejoicings, songs, music and dance), that gave the richest description of the Polish folk culture |
| Kolberg-Kolobrzeg (Colberg) Juliusz | 1776 1831 | Geodesist, cartographer - the author of Atlas of Polish Kingdom |
| Konorski Jerzy | 1903 1973 | neurophysiologist - he explained the mechanism of acquired reflexes, known as secondary conditioned reflexes |
| Kopernik (Copernicus) Mikolaj | 1473 1543 | Astronomer, mathematician, economist, physician - in the work De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) he presented heliocentric theory of the world, which he created, he was the first to formulate a law about replacement of better money by the worse |
| Kordylewski Kazimierz | 1903 1981 | Astronomer, mathematician - he discovered Cloud Moons in the Earth-Moon system |
| Kostanecki Stanislaw | 1860 1910 | Organic chemist - pioneer of vegetable dye chemistry, he developed the theory of dyes (1896) and started the investigations of natural vegetable dyes |
| Kostrzewski Jozef | 1885 1969 | Archeologist, museologist - investigator of the Pre-Slavs, the creator of neoautochtonic school, propagating: forefathers of the Slavs were tribes of Lusatian culture, then peoples within the Oder and Vistula drainage basins were autochtons, over 700 papers |
| Kotarbinski Tadeusz | 1886 1981 | Philosopher, logician, praxiologist - pioneer and co-creator of Polish praxiology, the creator of philosophical concept of regime and, so called, independent ethics |
| Krwawicz Tadeusz | 1910 | Ophthalmologist - inventor of tool for the removal of cataract, pioneer of eye cryiotherapy in Poland |
| Krygowski Bogumil | 1905 1977 | Geographer - the creator of mechanical graniphormametry and theory of glacitectonics |
| Kuratowski Kazimierz | 1896 1980 | Matematician, regarded as a father of topology - specializing in topology, set theory and logic, also many other branches of mathematics like analysis, geometry and differential equations |
| Lesniewski Stanislaw | 1886 1939 | Logician, philosopher, matematician, co-founder of Warsaw School of Logic, he created system of basis for logic and mathematics, invented Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) |
| Lowmianski Henryk | 1898 1984 | Historian - investigator of ancient history of Poland, Slavs and Lithuania, author of The Beginnings of Poland |
| Lukasiewicz Ignacy | 1822 1882 | Pharmacist - founder of Polish oil industry, separated kerosene from mineral oil, invented kerosene lamp |
| Lukasiewicz Jan | 1878 1956 | Logician, philosopher - co-founder of Warsaw School of Logic, one of the outstanding 20th century logicians, defined several axioms in logic theory, created multi-value logic systems, introduced Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) |
| Majcherczyk Jerzy | 1952 | Kayaker, explorer - co-founder of famous expedition to the deepest canyon on the World: Colca Canyon, Peru (1981) |
| Malinowski Bronislaw | 1884 1942 | Ethnologist, sociologist, anthropologist, theoretician of culture - head of Polish Institute in New York, creator of functionality in culture research, field investigations in New Guinea brought him world fame (Sexual life of natives) |
| Malinowski Ernest | 1815 1899 | Railroad and transportation engineer - designed and managed the construction of the railroad line Callao-Oroya in Peru, reaching elevation 4769 m a.s.l. |
| Marchlewski Leon | 1869 1946 | Chemist - he proved that chlorophyll and hemoglobin originate from the same common parent substance, i.e. hemopyrol |
| Michalowski Kazimierz | 1901 1981 | Archeologist, Egyptologist, historian of art - creator of Polish Archeological Station in Cairo, leader of many archeological expeditions to Africa and Asia |
| Miklaszewski Slawomir | 1874 1949 | Pedologist - he developed cartography of soils, author of Soils of Poland |
| Modjeski (Modrzewski) Ralph (Rudolf) | 1861 1940 | Engineer - "America's greatest bridge builder": Thebes Bridge, IL, 1904, Benjamin Franklin Bridge, NJ, 1926 (greatest achievement), Tacony-Palmyra Bridge, PA, 1929, Trans-Bay Bridge, CA, 1936, Blue Water Bridge, MI-ONT, 1938 |
| Nencki Marceli | 1847 1901 | Medical doctor, chemist physiologist - pioneer of modern physiology, he discovered the bacteria which are capable of subsisting in the anaerobic atmosphere, he discovered the therapeutic agent, i.e. salol and also found out that the synthesis of urea in the organism takes place in the liver |
| Neyman-Splawa Jerzy | 1894 | Mathematician, statistician - the pioneer of modern statistics (together with Fisher and Pearson), his work on hypothesis testing, confidence intervals and survey sampling revolutionised statistics |
| Nowak Edmund | 1918 | Mechanical design engineer, inventor - numerous inventions in designing machinery for processing (mechanically and thermally) metals and plastics |
| Olszewski Karol | 1846 1915 | Chemist, physisist - expert in low temperatures domain, first condensed oxygen and nitrogen from air (1883, together with Z.F. Wroblewski) |
| Pietowski Andrzej | | Explorer - he lead the five-nation expedition of National Geographic Society and pinpointed the source of the Amazon River in the Nevado Mismi (5597 m asl, Peruvian Andes) therefore this river is the longest in the world (about 6300 km) |
| Pniewski Jerzy | 1913 | Physicist - co-discoverer of hypernuclei and hypernuclear isomery |
| Prazmowski Adam | 1821 1885 | First Polish astrophysisist - pioneered astrophysical observations of the Sun, co-discovered the polarized emission from the solar corona, designed and constructed innovative astronomical instruments (among others coelostat) |
| Raciborski Marian | 1863 1917 | Botanist - one of the pioneers of nature conservation in Poland, creator of Polish phytogeographical school, pioneer in Polish paleobotany |
| Religa Zbigniew | 1938 | Cardiologist - pioneer of heart transplantation in Poland, grafted an artificial valve, created from materials taken from human corpses (first time on the World, June 1995), creator of Cardiosurgery Development Foundation |
| Romer Eugeniusz | 1871 1954 | Geographer - creator of modern Polish cartography, author of important synthesis relative to climate of Poland and respected geographical textbooks: Geographical Atlas, Ice Epoch in Tatra Mts., Climatic regions in Poland |
| Sedziwoj Michal | 1566 1636 | Alchemist, philosopher, medical doctor - pioneer of chemistry, he assumed that air contains oxygen |
| Sierpinski Waclaw | 1882 1969 | Mathematician - the father of the famous Polish School of Mathematics, his most important work is in the area of set theory (continum hypothesis), point set topology (Sierpinski's curve) and number theory (Sierpinski's numbers), the founder of Fundamenta Mathematicae and Acta Arithmetica (1920) - the world top mathematical journals of that time |
| Smoluchowski Marian | 1872 1917 | Physicist - he made important contributions in many areas of physics, especially in kinematic theory of matter; author of laws of Brown's movements independently of A.Einstein |
| Sniadecki Jedrzej | 1768 1838 | Chemist, medical doctor, philosopher, biologist - pioneer of modern chemistry, he described the Polish chemical nomenclature scientifically, he is the author of the first Polish chemical handbook (1800) |
| Strzelecki Edmund | 1797 1873 | Geologist, explorer - contributed significantly to early Australian history, he published his Physical Description of New South Wales and Van Diemes Land; due to him many places in Australia have Polish names, like the Kosciuszko Mountain (Australian Alps) |
| Tarski Alfred | 1902 1983 | Mathematical logician, philosopher - he introduced the distinction between language and metalanguage ((The concept of Truth in Formalized Languages'), which allowed to avoid the paradoxes detected within the foundations of set theory (Russel's paradox), made numerous contributions to decision theory and model theory, and pioneered the application of algebra to the study of formal systems |
| Ulam Stanislaw Marcin | 1909 1984 | Mathematician - he solved the problem of how to initiate fusion in the hydrogen bomb; devised the "Monte-Carlo method" widely used in solving mathematical problems using statistical sampling; with J.C. Everett he proposed the Orion plan for nuclear propulsion of space vehicles |
| Wolfke Mieczyslaw | 1883 1947 | Physicist - co-dicoverer of two forms of liquid hellium; precursor of holography |
| Wroblewski Zygmunt | 1845 1888 | Physisist - expert in low temperatures domain, first condensed oxygen and nitrogen from air (1883, together with K. Olszewski) |
| Zamenhof Ludwik | 1859 1917 | Philologist - the initiator of Esperanto, the most widely spoken constructed language to date; he published 'Doktoro Esperanto. Lingvo internacia. Antauparolo kaj plena lernolibro' - Dr. Hopeful. International Language. Foreword And Complete Textbook (1887) |
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Last Updated: 21 October 2007
